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JoE
Joined: 18 Jun 2005
Posts: 844
Location: Lexington, Kentucky
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 Posted: Mon Jan 09, 2006 8:42 pm Post subject: |
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Simple answer...ugh..they arent true Muslims!!! 
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Believe nothing, no matter where you read it, or who said it, no matter if I have said it, unless it agrees with your own reason and your own common sense.
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Always_Kafir
Joined: 07 Mar 2005
Posts: 2530
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| Posted: Fri Jan 13, 2006 7:14 pm Post subject: |
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Tabari VIII:141 “The battle cry of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah that night was:
‘Kill! Kill! Kill!’”
The biggest holocaust in world history
According to Prof. K.S. Lal, the author of the Growth of Muslim population in India, the Hindu population decreased by 80 million between 1000 AD, the year Mahmud Ghazni invaded India and 1525 AD, a year before the battle of Panipat.
http://hinduwebsite.com/history/holocaust.htm
It is estimated that the 8 century long Islamic rule witnessed the massacre of 80 million Hindus. This is the root cause of the on-going Hindu-Muslim fued in South Asia.
http://www.shopumust.com/hindus.html
Western Historian Francois Gautier once commented “The massacres perpetuated by Muslims in India are unparalleled in history, bigger than the Holocaust of the Jews by the Nazis;"
http://www.rediff.com/news/1999/feb/12rajee1.htm
The American historian Will Durant summed it up like this: "The Islamic conquest of India is probably the bloodiest story in history. It is a discouraging tale, for its evident moral is that civilization is a precious good, whose delicate complex of order and freedom, culture and peace, can at any moment be overthrown by barbarians invading from without or multiplying within".
http://www.swordoftruth.com/swordoftruth/bookstore/bookrev/niictroi.html
Hindu Kush means Hindu slaughter
http://www.hvk.org/articles/0401/64.html
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Mahmud of Gaznavi
At Thaneshwar.
"The blood of the infidels flowed so copiously at Thanesar that the stream was discolored, not withstanding its purity, and people were unable to drink it. The Sultan returned with plunder which is impossible to count. Praise be to Allah for the honor he bestows on Islam and Muslims."
At Somnath
"The Muslims paid no regard to the booty till they had satiated themselves with the slaughter of the infidels and worshipers of sun and fire.... The number of infidels killed exceeded 50,000"
At Mathura
"The infidels...deserted the fort and tried to cross the foaming river...but many of them were slain, taken or drowned... Nearly fifty thousand men were killed."
Mahmud bin Qasim
Sindh:
"...he levelled the temple and circumsised every Kaffir which they resented. So he caused every Kaffir from age of seventeen and upwards to be put to death; the young women and children of both sexes were retained in bondage"
Mahmud of Ghori& Qutbuddin Aibak
(from Hasan Nizami's Taj-ul-Maasir)
Kol (Modern Aligarh)
"those of the horizon who were wise and acute were converted to Islam, but those who stood by their ancestoral faith were slain with the sword"
Kol (Modern Aligarh)
20,000 prisoners were taken and made slaves
'Three bastions were raised as high as heaven with their heads and their carcases became food for the beasts of prey
Kalinjar 50,000 prisoners were taken as slaves
Varnasi or Kasi (Benaras) :Kamil-ut-Tawarikh of Ibn Asir records,
"The slaughter of Hindus (at Varanasi) was immense; none were spared except women and children,(who were taken into slavery) and the carnage of men went on until the earth was weary."
Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq
Delhi : (after Hindus paid the toleration tax (zar-i zimmiya) and poll-tax(jizya) they were foolish enough to build their temples.So...)
"...Under divine guidance I (Sultan) destroyed these temples and I killed the leaders of these infedility and others I subjected to stripes and chastisement "
Delhi: -a punishment in detail-(From Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi)
"A report was brought to the Sultan than there was in Delhi an old Brahman who persisted in publicly performing the worship of idols in his house and that people of the city, both Muslims and Hindus used to resort to his house to worship the idol. The Brahman had constructed a wooden tablet which was covered within and without with paintings of demons and other objects. An order was accordingly given to the Brahman and was brought before Sultan.The true faith was declared to the Brahman and the right course pointed out. but he refused to accept it. A pile was risen on which the Kaffir with his hands and legs tied was thrown into and the wooden tablet on the top. The pile was lit at two places his head and his feet. The fire first reached him in the feet and drew from him a cry and then fire completley enveloped him. Behold Sultan for his strict adherence to law and rectitude."
Gohana (Haryana):
"Some Hindus had erected a new idol-temple in the village of Kohana and the idolaters used to assemble there and perform their idolatrous rites. These people were seized and brought before me. I ordered that the perverse conduct of these leaders of this wickedness be punished by publicly abd that they should be put to deathe before the gate of the palace."
Jajnagar:(Expedition objectives as stated by Sultan)(Source:Ainn-ul-Mulk)
massacring the unbelievers
demolishing their temples
hunting the elephants
getting a glimpse of their enchanting country
Orissa:'Sirat-i-Firoz Shahi' records his expedition with the following words:
"nearly 100,000 men of Jajnagar had taken refuge with their women, children, kinsmen and relations The swordsmen of Islam turned the island into a basin of blood by the massacre of the unbelievers.
Women with babies and pregnant ladies were haltered, manacled, fettered and enchained, and pressed as slaves into service in the house of every soldier."
Sultans of Mamulk Dynasty
Rohilkhand:Badauni reports in his 'Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh'
"In two days after leaving Delhi, he arrived in the midst of the territory of Katihar and put to death every male, even those of eight years of age, and bound the women"
Ala-ul-Din Khilji
Kambayat:Abdulla Wassaf writes in his Tazjiyat-ul-Amsar wa Tajriyat
he killed the adult male Hindu inhabitants for the glory of Islam, set flowing rivers of blood, sent the women of the country with all their gold, silver, and jewels, to his own home, and made about twenty thousand maidens his private slaves.
Chitoor: More than 20,000 Hindu women including Rani Padmini self-immolated themselves to escape sex-slavery in the hands of Muslim rulers. Muslim priests Qazi adviced Khilji on how to conduct his non-Muslim subjects. Here is such a recorded advice:
Timur
His invasion of Hindustan: His Tuzk-i-Timuri records:
"In a short space of time all the people in the fort were put to the sword, and in the course of one hour the heads of 10,000 infidels were cut off. The sword of Islam was washed in the blood of the infidels, and all the goods and effects, the treasure and the grain which for many a long year had been stored in the fort became the spoil of my soldiers. They set fire to the houses and reduced them to ashes, and they razed the buildings and the fort to the ground.... All these infidel Hindus were slain, their wives and children were made prisoners and their property and goods became the spoil of the victors
...I proclaimed throughout the camp that every man who had infidel prisoners should put them to death, and whoever neglected to do so should himself be executed and his property given to the informer. When this order became known to the ghazis of Islam, they drew their swords and put their prisoners to death. One hundred thousand infidels, impious idolators, were on that day slain. Maulana Nasiruddin Umar, a counselor and man of learning, who, in all his life, had never killed a sparrow, now, in execution of my order, slew with his sword fifteen idolatrous Hindus, who were his captives."
The fate of Hindu women captured alive by Muslims was worse than death. Even as their fathers, husbands and children lay killed they had to dance and sing before Muslims and would then be given in slavery to the Muslim kings, generals, soldiers and of course Maulvis. Here is a gleeful Muslim recording of this inhuman barbaric events:
"First of all daughters of Hindu kings captured during the course of the year come and sing and dance. Thereafter they are bestowed upon Amirs and important foreigners. After this daughters of other Hindus dance and sing...Sultan gives them to brothers, sons of high officials etc. The third dasy also Sultan distributes girls to generals and his relatives."
[Source:Ibn Battuta (A.A.Rizvi in Tughlaq Kalin Bharath)]
So Hindu women preferred death to dishonour. Most of the time the Muslim invaders found only charred remains of women when they entered the Hindu cities. For example, when Allaud-din Khilji cowardly attacked Rajputs from behind (before which Rajouts had >magnanimoulsy spared his life showing mercy to the undeserved), butchered them and entered Chitoor Rani Padmini and more than 20,000 maidens had self-immolated. To this day Hindus remember the great queen with pride.
More Here : www.geocities.com/hindoo_humanist/medieval.html#Gaznavi
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Always_Kafir
Joined: 07 Mar 2005
Posts: 2530
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| Posted: Fri Jan 13, 2006 7:18 pm Post subject: |
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Qur’an 7:3 “Little do you remember My warning. How many towns have We destroyed as a raid by night? Our punishment took them suddenly while they slept for their afternoon rest. Our terror came to them; Our punishment overtook them.”
Brutal Barbaric Offensive Onslaught in Middle East, North Africa, Persia by Arab Muslim Forces
"The Rightly Guided Caliphs" by Dr. Abu Zayd Shalabi
Dr. Abu Zayd Shalabi discusses the Islamic wars which were initiated by the four caliphs who succeeded Muhammad.
Attack On Syria
On pages 35-38, Dr. Abu Zayd remarks,
"Muhammad had prepared an army to invade the borders of Syria. When Muhammad died Abu Bakr sent an army headed by Usama Ibn Zayd and 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab. The army marched towards southern Palestine and invaded some parts of the land, frightened the people and captured some booty."
Attack on Persia
At the beginning of page 70, Dr. Abu Zayd talks about the Islamic conquests and indicates that at the inception of the year 12 of Hajira, Abu Bakr ordered Khalid Ibn al-Walid to invade Persian lands and to seize the ports near Iraq. Khalid marched with the army, but before he started the war, he sent his famous message to Hermez, one of the Iraqi generals, "Embrace Islam, or pay the poll-tax, or fight." The Hermez declined to accept any of these terms but war. The Persians were defeated in this battle and Khalid seized the booty and sent Abu Bakr one-fifth of the spoils of war, exactly as they were accustomed to send to Muhammad. One-fifth of the booty belonged to God and to Muhammad.
Abu Bakr presented Khalid with the Hermez's tiara which was inlaid with gems. Dr. Abu Zayd says the value of the gems amounted to 100,000 dirham (p. 73). After that, the successful, savage invasions continued against other countries which could not repel the forces of Islam. This Azhar scholar tells us that in the battle of Alees which took place on the border of Iraq, Khalid killed 70,000 people! He was so brutal in his attack that the nearby river was mixed with their blood (p. 75).
On p. 77, Dr. Abu Zayd mentions another country which surrendered to Khalid. Khalid demanded that they pay 190,000 dirhams. When he attacked Ayn al-Tamr in Iraq, its people took shelter in one of the fortresses. Khalid laid siege to the fortress and forced them to come out. He killed all of them mercilessly. They had done nothing against him or against the Muslims except that they refused to embrace Islam and to recognize Muhammad as an apostle of God. The Muslims seized all that they found in the fortress along with forty young men who were studying the Gospel. Khalid captured them and divided them among the Muslims (refer to p. 81).
On page 134, Abu Zayd relates that when Khalid besieged another town called Qinnasrin which belonged to the Byzantine Empire, its people were so afraid that they hid themselves from him. He sent them a message in which he said: "Even if you hide in the cloud, God will lift us up to you or He will lower you down to us." They asked for a peace treaty, but he refused and killed them all. Then he eradicated the town. These are the words of Dr. Abu Zayd which we faithfully relay to you.
The Invasion of Damascus
On pages 131 and 132 of the same book, "The Rightly Guided Caliphs," the author indicates,
"Abu 'Ubayda marched towards Damascus and besieged it for seventy nights. He cut off all supplies while its inhabitants were pleading for help and assistance. Then Khalid attacked the city and massacred thousands of people. (They were forced) to ask for a peace treaty. Abu 'Ubayda turned over the rule of Damascus to Yazid and ordered him to invade the neighboring (cities). He attacked Sidon, Beirut, and others."
The Attack on Jerusalem
On pages 136 and 137, we read about the attack of 'Umru Ibn al-'as on Jerusalem. He besieged it for four months. Then its Christian inhabitants agreed to pay the poll-tax and to surrender to 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab, the caliph. 'Umar made the trip to Jerusalem and laid the foundation of the mosque. With that, the conquest of Syria was accomplished, but as the pestilence (plague) raged, many of the high-ranking generals of the Islamic army died, among them Abu Ubayda, Yazid and Sharahbil.
The Invasion of Wealthy Egypt
On pages 141 and 142, the author narrates how the invasion and occupation of Egypt were accomplished. Among the justifications which 'Umru Ibn al-'As presented to 'Umar which convinced him to allow 'Umru to attack Egypt were the following:
"Egypt's abundance and yields are plentiful. The conquest of Egypt would gain for the Muslims a foothold in Syria and make it easier for them to invade Africa to spread Islam."
It is important to mark 'Umru's statement that "Egypt's abundance and yields are plentiful." Eventually Egypt and Africa were both conquered.
On pages 145 and 146, the professor of civilization at the Azhar relates how 'Umru besieged the Fortress of Babylon (south of ancient Egypt) for a full month, and that he said to the messengers of the Muqawqis, the governor of Egypt,
"There is nothing between us and you except three things:
(1) Embrace Islam, become our brethren and you will have what we have and you will be subjected to what we are subjected (in this case they would pay alms to the treasury of the state).
(2) If you refuse that, you are obligated to pay tribute with humiliation.
(3) War.
"The Muqawqis attempted to offer them something different, but they rejected it. At last, after a fight, he accepted the second condition, namely to pay tribute and to be subjugated to Islamic rule. The Muslims entered Egypt. "
During the Caliphate of ' Uthman Ibn 'Affan
On pages 167 and 168, the book tells us:
"'Uthman ordered 'Abdalla Ibn Abi al-Sarh to invade Africa, then he sent Abdalla Ibn al-Zubayr. They slaughtered thousands of the people among them their king, Jayan, and they captured booty."
Attack on Byzantine Empire
"The Beginning and the End," by Ibn Kathir (vol. 7)
"'The Blood of the Byzantine is more delicious', Khalid said!"
On page 10, Ibn Khathir tells us that when the Byzantine leaders rejected Islam or paying tribute, Khalid told them,
"We are people who drink blood. We were told that there is no blood that is more delicious than the blood of the Byzantines."
Such words well suit people like Khalid, Muhammad's beloved friend and relative.
On page 13 we read the following,
"Gregorius, one of the great princes of the Byzantines, said to Khalid: 'What do you call us for?' Khalid answered him: 'That you testify that there is no God but the only God and that Muhammad is His messenger and apostle, and to acknowledge all that Muhammad received from God (namely pilgrimage, fasting of Ramadan, etc.).' Gregorius said to him: 'And if these are not accepted?' Khalid responded, 'Then pay the tribute.' Gregorius said to him: 'If we do not give the tribute?' Khalid said: 'Then war!"'
Ibn Kathir acknowledges (on page 21) that when the Muslims conquered Damascus, they seized St. John's church and converted it into the largest mosque in Damascus today (The Umayyad Mosque). On page 55, we read also about the invasion of Jerusalem. On page 123, he states,
"Umar Ibn al-Khattab wrote to Abdil-Rahman Ibn Rabi'a ordering him to invade the Turks (Turkey today)."
The Second Invasion of Africa
In page 165 Ibn Kathir records for us that:
"The second invasion of Africa was accomplished because its people broke their pledge. That was in year 33 of the Hajira (The Moslem Calendar)."
Of course, the people of Africa broke the pledge because that pledge was imposed on them by force in lieu of death. Yet Muslims killed thousands of them. Ibn Kathir already mentioned in page 151 that,
"'Uthman Ibn 'Affan ordered 'Abdalla Ibn Sa'd to invade Africa. [He told him] 'If you conquer it take 1/25 of its booty.' 'Abdalla Ibn Sa'd marched towards it at the head of an army of 20,000 soldiers. He conquered it and killed multitudes of people from among its inhabitants until the remnant were converted to Islam and became subject to the Arabs. 'Abdalla took his portion of the booty as 'Uthman told him, then he divided the rest."
How unfortunate were the African people! They were invaded by the Arabs who killed thousands of them, divided the booty, and forced the remnant to embrace Islam. When they broke the pact, the Muslims attacked them again. But are the black African people the only unfortunate people? Or are all the people of Jordan, Palestine, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Egypt, Libya, all the Arab tribes, Spain, even the people of China and India, Cyprus and the Kurds, all the unfortunate peoples? All of these are unfortunate nations who became the victims of Islamic Law which detests human rights and persistently ignores their freedom.
The Invasion of Cyprus and the Kurds
Ibn Kathir tells us that in the year 28 of the Hajira, the conquest of Cyprus was accomplished after 'Abdulla Ibn al-Zubayr slaughtered a multitude of people-as usual. Ibn Khaldun also tells the story of the Kurds. In page 124 of Vol. II, he says,
"Muslims met a number of Kurds. They called them to embrace Islam or pay the tribute. When they refused to do so they killed them and captured their women and children, then divided the booty."
A brief summary which Taqiy al-Din al-Nabahani presents in his book, "The Islamic State" (pp. 121 and 122). He summarizes the history of Islamic offensive wars against the neighboring peaceful countries by saying,
"Muhammad had begun to send troops and initiate campaigns against the Syrian borders such as the campaign of Mu'ta and Tabuk. Then the rightly guided caliphs ruled after him and the conquest continued. (The Arabs) conquered Iraq, Persia, and Syria whose faith was Christianity and which were inhabited by the Syrians, Armenians, some Jews and some Byzantines. Then Egypt and North Africa were conquered. When the Umayyad took over after the rightly guided caliphs, they conquered the Sind, Khawarizm, and Samarqand. They annexed them to the lands of the Islamic state."
http://www.derafsh-kaviyani.com/english/offensivewartospreadislam.html |
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Anti 8.12
Joined: 21 Feb 2006
Posts: 40
Location: Europe
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| Posted: Wed Feb 22, 2006 6:22 pm Post subject: Islam time table |
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Thanks xyxx very impressive, the time table I mean.
I don't know if you know Strategypage.com they have some really interesting "development "stories about wars, one is about the invasion of the Mongols into Iran, Iraq, Syria and the attack on Egypt.
The plan is, if Ican find the funds/people for it, to make a proposal to a television company to make a three piece documentary about islam.
First part would be the background and the living conditions of the mohammed, than his rise to "warlord " and the surrounding issues.
The spread of islam, to europe.
Second part would be the influence on the world, what did they contribute to science, medicine etc etc.
The fate of the countries that where conquered by them, the population etc etc
Third part would include the present state of the muslim countries, there GBP, the percentage of illiteracy , their industry, etc.etc.
And the start of this terrorism.
Ifyou can give me some more background that would be wonderful |
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xyxx
Joined: 31 Jul 2005
Posts: 1142
Location: Austria
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| Posted: Sat Feb 25, 2006 12:17 am Post subject: |
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| Well I don't know if this is the right thread to discuss since it is part of the resource centre. Anyway, that project would have to be HUGE since you have to assure that the information is correct. The problem is how would you spread it with PC-dhimmi-media around |
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yeezevee
Joined: 17 Feb 2004
Posts: 17109
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manohar
Joined: 11 Dec 2004
Posts: 2347
Location: India
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ibn_rushd2
Joined: 14 Feb 2004
Posts: 2454
Location: Canada
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| Posted: Wed Jul 19, 2006 10:13 pm Post subject: |
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This is all very sad.  |
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yeezevee
Joined: 17 Feb 2004
Posts: 17109
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| Posted: Sun Aug 13, 2006 3:38 pm Post subject: |
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| Upon Muhammed's death, a hastily collected group of prominent Muslim leaders elected Muhammed's father in law, Abu Bakr, to be the secular head of Islam. However, 'Ali, Muhammed's son-in-law and cousin, was not part of this committee nor were other members of Muhammed's immediate family, and many believed that Muhammed had designated 'Ali as a successor, for the Traditions had Muhammed naming him as both his brother and his successor. 'Ali had been raised with Muhammed and was the second person (after Muhammed's wife Khadija) to recognize Muhammed's role as a prophet; he was the first of Muhammed's tribe to declare himself an apostle (rasul ). But the Meccan and Medinan leaders, with no members of Muhammed's house present, gave their allegiance to Abu Bakr as CalipH and attempted through force of arms to coerce 'Ali into acknowledging Abu Bakr as well. However, during the Caliphates of Abu Bakr and his successor, 'Umar, not only did 'Ali not advance any claims to the Caliphate, he even participated in the government of 'Umar. It was not until the Caliphate passed to 'Uthman, who ruled somewhat degenerately and was a member of the Umayya family, which had fiercely fought against Muhammed during his lifetime, that 'Ali was provoked into accepting the Caliphate. 'Uthman placed members of his family in charge of various provinces and they ruled disgracefully; various rebel factions, seeing their grievances unredressed, attacked 'Uthman's house and assassinated him. |
The prominent families of Medina and other areas persuaded 'Ali to become Caliph, which he did in 656; 'Ali had become the fourth Caliph of Islam and the last of the Patriarchal caliphs.
The Umayyads in charge of the various governments would not accept this arrangement and rose up in rebellion and named Mu'awiyya caliph. Eventually, 'Ali would be forced to flee Medina and settle in Kufa in Iraq. 'Ali would eventually have to contend with dissension in his own army while fighting the Umayyads; after defeating these dissenters in battle, he would be assassinated a few years later by one of them in revenge for this defeat.
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| From this point onwards, authority was divided in the Islamic world. The Umayyads continued to pass the Caliphate down through the ages among their family; but their now existed in Iraq a separate Islamic community that did not recognize the authority of the Umayyad Caliphs. Rather they recognized only the successors to 'Ali as authorities, and they gave these successors the title Imam, or spiritual leader of Islam, both to differentiate their leaders from the more worldly and secular Umayyads and because Abu Muhammed Hasan ibn 'Ali, the second Imam, ceded the Caliphate to the Umayyads. A grand total of ten Imams succeeded 'Ali, passing the Imamate down to their sons in hereditary succession. However, the eleventh Imam, Hasan al-Askari, died without a son, and the Shi'ites were thrown into disarray. Shi'a Islam divided into several different sects, the most important of which was the Qat'iyya ("those who are certain"). The Qat'iyya believed that Hasan al-Askari did indeed have a son, Muhammed al-Mahdi; one of the Qat'iyya sects believed that Muhammed al-Mahdi, the twelfth Imam, had hidden himself and remained in hiding. This sect was called Ithna-'Ashari (Twelver) or Imami (Imam) Shi'a, and was the form of Shi'a that eventually came to exclusively represent Shi'ism. |
The Kharjites: The civil war between the followers of 'Ali (Shi'a 'Ali) and the Umayyads produced another Islamic faction, the Kharjites, which would be a force in early Islamic history. The Kharjites were originally followers of 'Ali who grew disaffected when 'Ali began bargaining with the Umayyads. 'Ali's strength had always been his religious piety and his firm conviction that the Islamic world had strayed from its ethical and religious principles. He attracted followers that were equally devout and equally zealous—when he began to strike bargains with the Umayyads, some of these followers felt that now 'Ali, too, had betrayed Islam. They formed a separate faction, the Kharjites, and took it upon themselves to carry the banner for Islamic purity. One of their most significant first acts was the assassination of 'Ali.
Many people in early Islam agreed in principle with the Kharjites and mourned the steady secularization of the Islamic leadership and the Islamic world. However, many who did not agree with the Kharjites still rallied around them. Throughout the Umayyad and the early Abassid period, the Kharjite movement was the center of almost all the opposition to these two caliphate dynasties. There are still Kharjites around today, mainly in North Africa and southern Arabia, but they were the most significant oppositional group in early Islam. |
Let us continue with the story of Islam.. The Political Party of Mr. Mohammad and his relatives....
yeezevee |
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yeezevee
Joined: 17 Feb 2004
Posts: 17109
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| Posted: Sun Aug 13, 2006 3:47 pm Post subject: |
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Second Civil War 680-694": With the death of Mu'awiyya in 680 and the succession of his son, Yazid, a second civil war broke out with the followers of 'Ali. Yazid had some of the administrative effectiveness of Mu'awiyya, but none of the moral restraint and certainly no portion of the hilm that characterized his father. Anxious to force 'Ali's son, Husayn, to recognize his authority, Yazid eventually killed Husayn and a handful of his followers at Karbala in Iraq. This intemperate act inspired the people of Medina to revolt—Yazid put down this revolt and then laid siege to Mecca. In the middle of the siege, however, he died, and the caliphate was bestowed on his adolescent son, Mu'awiyya II. But the young boy soon died and the Islamic world fell into disarray over competing claims to the caliphate—the hereditary caliphate was still too young in its establishment.
The Arabian people were by now scattered all over the Islamic world. Two tribes based in Syria, the Qays and the Kalb, rallied around two separate candidates for caliph: Marwan ibn al-Hakam and Ibn al-Zubayr. A bitter war was fought between the two tribes and Marwan, backed by the Kalbites, became caliph in 684 and founded a new Umayyad dynasty. But because he died a year later, the reconquest of Islamic lands would fall to his son 'Abd al-Malik, who ruled from 685 to 705 (65-86 AH). When 'Abd al-Malik became caliph, all of Arabia was under the control of his rival, Ibn al-Zubayr, while much of Iraq had fallen under the control of a rebel named al-Mukhtar. al-Mukhtar was defeated by Ibn al-Zubayr and, in 692, 'Abd al-Malik defeated Ibn al-Zubayr at Mecca. So desperate was he for victory, that he showered Mecca and the Ka'aba with catapults and freely destroyed the holy place.
His victory cemented Umayyad control over Islam; however, both the Shi'a and the Kharjites would remain powerful oppositional forces. |
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The Later Umayyads With the Islamic world enjoying a measure of stability, Abd al-Malik's son and successor, al-Walid I (705-715 AD/86-96 AH), began again Islamic conquests and took the early Islamic empire to its farthest extents. He reconquered parts of Egypt from the Byzantines and moved on into Carthage and across to the west of North Africa. Then, in 711, Muslim armies crossed the Strait of Gibraltar and began to conquer Spain using North African Berber armies. By 716, the Visigoths of Spain had been defeated and Spain was under Muslim control. This would be the farthest extent of Islamic control of Europe—in 736, they were stopped in their expansion into Europe south of Tours, France. In the east, Islamic armies made it as far as the Indus River in 710—under al-Walid, the caliphal empire stretched from Spain to India!
Al-Walid also began the first great buiilding projects of Islam, the most famous of which is the mosque at Damascus. The long history of Islamic architecture really begins with al-Walid. This is also the period, however, in which Islamic court culture begins to germinate. With the caliph as a patron, artists and writers begin to develop a new, partly secular culture based on Islamic ideas.
It was also al-Walid that coupled islamicization with arabicization. Conversion was not forced on conquered peoples; however, since non-believers had to pay an extra tax and were not technically citizens, many people did convert for religious and non-religious reasons. This created several problems, particularly since Islam was so closely connected with being Arab—being Arab, of course, was more than an ethnic identity, it was a tribal identity based on kinship and descent. As more and more Muslims were non-Arabs, the status of Arabs and their culture became threatened.
In particular, large numbers of Coptic-speaking (Egypt) and Persian-speaking Muslims threatened the primacy of the very language that Islam is based on. In part to alleviate that threat, al-Walid instituted Arabic as the only official language of the empire. He decreed that all administration was to be done only in Arabic. It was this move that would cement the primacy of Arabic language and culture in the Islamic world. |
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Let us continue with the story of Islam.. The Political Party of Mr. Mohammad and his relatives and their heirs..
yeezevee |
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yeezevee
Joined: 17 Feb 2004
Posts: 17109
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| Posted: Sun Aug 13, 2006 3:53 pm Post subject: |
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The Fall of the Umayyads : None of the remaining Marwani caliphs enjoyed long reigns except for Hisham, who ruled from 724-744 (105-132). During this period, the Muslims expanded out of Spain and into France until their advance was finally stopped by the Franks in 736.
When Hisham died in 743, the empire collapsed into a series of rebellions mostly by disaffected non-Arabs and by the Kharjites. It was one such rebellious group, the 'Abassids, that would finally overthrow the dynasty. The 'Abassids were descendants of al-Abbas, the paternal uncle of Muhammad. Like the followers of 'Ali and the Kharjites, the 'Abassids believed that the spirit of Islam had been betrayed by the secular-minded Umayyads—as relatives of Muhammad, their pietism had a concrete character to it....
It was when the 'Abassids allied themselves with the 'Alids that the death-knell of Umayyad power was sounded. With their combined forces, they defeated the last of the Marwani calphis, Marwan II (744-750/127-32), who was later murdered. The leader of the 'Abassids, Abu'l-'Abbas, went about systematically and ruthlessly killing as many Umayyads as he could find.... |
Shi'a Islam
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Shi'a Islam is the only major schism in Islam. It is not a recent schism, however, for it dates back right to the foundations of Islam. Shi'ite historians believe that Shi'ism began shortly after the death of Muhammad, when the Caliphate, or secular leadership of Islam, was handed to Muhammad's father-in-law, Abu Bakr, rather than 'Ali, Muhammad's chosen successor. The Muslims who supported 'Ali called themselves the "Partisans of 'Ali" (Shi'a 'Ali ); these supporters, who were only four in number, are the root of Shi'a Islam. Western and Sunni historians date Shi'ism as a religion to the death of Husayn, the grandson of Muhammad, in the battle of Karbala. The celebration of this martyrdom by the Shi'a 'Ali represents for these historians the first clear instance of separate religious practice.
However that may be, Shi'a Islam is a crucial part of the Islamic tapestry throughout the history of Islam. World history textbooks tend to blissfully ignore the Shi'ite adventure through history, but the minority Shi'ites have played a determining role in Islamic and world history. Most recently, Shi'ism has given rise to a new Islamic political theory called velayat-i faqih , or "rule by jurisprudence" (Westerners call it "Islamic Republicanism"). Velayat-i faqih is perhaps the most important Islamic innovation of our century; it may be very possible that by the end of the century, the bulk of the Islamic world will be practicing it in one form or another. Or maybe not. You're sitting at one of these great moments in history, in which an entirely new way of conducting human culture and human business has been invented in your lifetime. The Iranian Revolution of 1979 may turn out to be the most significant event in Islamic history for the last five centuries. Or it may not. The Revolution and the political theory it spawned, however, are continuing evidence of the crucial role that Shi'ism plays in the global community.
'Ali The foundational figure in Shi'a history is 'Ali, the son-in-law and cousin of Muhammad. After the death of Muhammad, rival claims were put forth for the caliphate which was the office that was the supreme secular authority of Islam. In Shi'a history, Muhammad designated 'Ali as his successor, so that all the others who served in this capacity were illegitimate. The "Partisans of 'Ali," Shi'a 'Ali in the struggle to get 'Ali in the Caliphate and in the civil war that broke out when 'Ali was finally named Caliph gave the name to the religious schism that divided the Islamic world from the very beginning. Eventually the Shi'ites would develop a religious doctrine that differs in fundamental respects from orthodox, or Sunni Islam. Nevertheless, at the cornerstone of Shi'a history is the figure of 'Ali and his persecution by the illegitimate caliphs. |
All the above posts were extraxted from the writings of Richard Hooker ..Let us continue with the story of Islam.. The Political Party of Mr. Mohammad and his relatives and their heirs..
yeezevee |
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Always_Kafir
Joined: 07 Mar 2005
Posts: 2530
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| Posted: Sat Aug 19, 2006 6:33 am Post subject: |
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Muslim Aggression on Non-Muslim Lands from 624 AD ...Till Today
Barbaric Muslim Occupation on Non-Muslim Lands
Brutal Islamic Conquest at 1500 AD
Now, Compare this to UN-Approved Tiny Israel which has fought for its survival against Aggressive Brutal Arab Muslim Armies.
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Peace-N-Harmony
Joined: 28 Dec 2005
Posts: 45
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radioactive toy
Joined: 11 Nov 2004
Posts: 440
Location: Nederlands
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| Posted: Mon Sep 25, 2006 10:37 pm Post subject: |
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From 711 Muslim forces crossed the Straits of Gibraltar, conquered the Visigothic Kingdom, and in less than a decade crossed the Pyrenees. In 732, under the command of Abd-er- rahman, they were decisively defeated by Charles Martel and the Franks at the Battle of Poitiers [or Tours].
Arab Chronicler: The Battle of Poitiers, 732
The Moslems smote their enemies, and passed the river Garonne, and laid waste the country, and took captives without number. And that army went through all places like a desolating storm. Prosperity made those warriors insatiable. At the passage of the river, Abderrahman overthrew the count, and the count retired into his stronghold, but the Moslems fought against it, and entered it by force, and slew the count;for everything gave way to their scimitars, which were the robbers of lives. All the nations of the Franks trembled at that terrible army, and they betook them to their king Caldus [Charles Martel], and told him of the havoc made by the Moslem horsemen, and bow they rode at their will through all the land of Narbonne, Toulouse, and Bordeaux, and they told the king of the death of their count. Then the king bade them be of good cheer, and offered to aid them. . . . He mounted his horse, and he took with him a host that could not be numbered, and went against the Moslems. And he came upon them at the great city of Tours. And Abderrahman and other prudent cavaliers saw the disorder of the Moslem troops,who were loaded with spoil; but they did not venture to displease the soldiers by ordering them to abandon everything except their arms and war-horses. And Abderrahman trusted in the valour of his soldiers, and in the good fortune which had ever attended him. But such defect of discipline always is fatal to armies.So Abderrabman and his host attacked Tours to gain still more spoil, and they fought against it so fiercely that they stormed the city almost before the eyes of the army that came to save it; and the fury and the cruelty of the Moslems towards the inhabitants of the city were like the fury and cruelty of raging tigers.It was manifest that God's chastisement was sure to follow such excesses; and fortune thereupon turned her back upon the Moslems.
Near the river Owar [Loire], the two great hosts of the two languages and the two creeds were set in array against each other. The hearts of Abderrahman, his captains and his men were filled with wrath and pride, and they were the first to begin to fight.The Moslem horsemen dashed fierce and frequent forward against the battalions of the Franks, who resisted manfully, and many fell dead on either side, until the going down of the sun. Night parted the two armies: but in the grey of the morning the Moslems returned to the battle. Their cavaliers had soon hewn their way into the center of the Christian host. But many of the Moslems were fearful for the safety of the spoil which they had stored in their tents, and a false cry arose in their ranks that some of the enemy were plundering the camp; whereupon several squadrons of the Moslem horsemen rode off to protect their tents.But it seemed as if they fled; and all the host was troubled. And while Abderrahman strove to check their tumult, and to lead them back to battle, the warriors of the Franks came around him, and he was pierced through with many spears, so that he died. Then all the host fled before the enemy, and many died in the flight. . . .
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yeezevee
Joined: 17 Feb 2004
Posts: 17109
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| Posted: Thu Nov 16, 2006 9:16 pm Post subject: |
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The contenets and the information here are copied from a book of Sanderson Beck., If you like to read his books .. please go to this link..
http://1worldpeace.org/OrderForm.html ., This chapter has been published in the book Middle East & Africa to 1875.
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Muhammad and Islamic Conquest
Muhammad in Mecca
Muhammad in Medina at War 622-628
Muhammad Triumphant 628-632
Qur'an and Hadith
Islamic Wars in the Near East 632-661
Umayyad Caliphate 661-750
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Yemen and the Hijaz region were settled with agriculture and commerce as early as 1000 BC, while nomadic Bedouins lived in most of Arabia. The development of sea routes in the first century BC caused hardship for Yemeni trade as Bedouins moved in. After the Judean revolts were crushed by the Roman empire in the first and second centuries CE, many Jews fled to this region. Palmyra was destroyed in 271 CE, and Nabateans and northern Arabia were conquered by the Roman empire. Arab king Imru al-Qays ibn 'Amr gained control of Najran in 328 CE. Yemen managed to reestablish the Himyarite kingdom and in the fifth century related with the Bedouins through the Kinda tribal confederation. By the end of the fifth century the Arab Christian kingdom of Ghassan was able to defend the Sasanian Persian empire by keeping the Bedouins out of Syria and Palestine.
In southern Iraq the kingdom of Lakhm made of Aramean Christian tribes was supported by Sasanian imperial control and competed with Arabs. The historian Tabari recorded that in 523 CE persecutions killed many Christians. In response to this, Abyssinia sent an army led by Aryat and Abraha that conquered Yemen in 525. Abraha killed his superior Aryat in a duel and founded a capital at San'a. That year the Kinda, led by al-Harith ibn 'Amr al-Kindi, drove out the Lakhmid Mundhir III, capturing Hira; but the Kinda confederation dissolved four years later, and the Sasanian ruler Khusrau I restored Mundhir in Hira. However, the Lakhmid Mundhir surrendered Hira to the attacking Ghassanids led by al-Harith ibn Jabala in 547. Mundhir was finally killed in battle by the Ghassanids in 554. Abyssinians invaded central Arabia in 535 and reached Hijaz in 570; but two years later the Sasanians drove them out of Yemen. Ghassan lost the support of the Roman empire in 584, and a Sasanian governor replaced the Lakhm kingdom in 602.
The ethics of the Arab tribes emphasized honor, independence, generosity, vendetta (th'ar), and manly courage (muruwa). Bereaved relatives from the violence affected the tribe, and often young men would often practice ascetic self-discipline until they gained revenge; then the retaliatory murders would be celebrated by drinking. |
Muhammad in Mecca
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In 570 after a Kinana man defiled a cathedral in San'a that had been built to draw pilgrims away from Mecca, the Abyssinian ruler of Yemen, Abraha, attacked Mecca with an army. According to tradition the elephant at the head of that army refused to march on the holy city. That year Muhammad was born in Mecca, where his paternal grandfather 'Abd al-Muttalib had the honored position of providing water from the Zamzam well for the pilgrims to the Ka'ba, founded according to tradition by the Hebrew patriarch Abraham. Muhammad was the first child of his father 'Abd Allah, who died before his wife Amina had her child. 'Abd Allah left his son five camels, a flock of goats, and the slave-girl Baraka. Since Mecca was considered unhealthy for infants, his mother Amina took the baby out into the desert, where he was nursed by a Bedouin named Halima for two years until he was weaned. Thus Muhammad first learned the Arabic language of the Bani Sa'd. His foster brother saw two men in white put their hands into the heart of the child; concerned that he might be possessed by an evil spirit, Halima returned Muhammad to his mother at Mecca.
When he was six, Muhammad and the slave girl Baraka accompanied Amina on a visit to Medina; but on the return journey Muhammad's mother became ill and died. Baraka brought the boy back to his grandfather in Mecca; but two years later 'Abd al-Muttalib also died at the age of 80. Muhammad was then raised by his uncle Abu Talib and his wife Fatima. Later the prophet said that Fatima would have let her own children starve rather than him. 'Abd al-Muttalib's youngest son al 'Abbas took charge of the Zamzam well.
Muhammad spent his youth mostly pasturing sheep and goats. He once went on a caravan to Bostra in Syria and was noted by the Christian hermit Bahira. In Mecca a sacrilegious war occurred after a treacherous murder. In the earlier battles Muhammad was too young to fight, but he gathered enemy arrows and gave them to his Quraysh uncles to shoot back. In the last battle when he was about twenty, Muhammad did shoot arrows for the Hashim clan at the enemy and was praised for his valor. When a Sahmi refused to pay his debt to a Yemeni merchant, the Quraysh joined the Kinana and others in taking an oath at the Ka'ba to fight oppression for the sake of justice, and Muhammad swore with them; the Sahmi was compelled to pay the debt.
Muhammad began traveling for merchants, and he wished to marry his cousin; but his uncle Abu Talib informed him that she was promised to a poet of better means. Known for being trustworthy and honest, Muhammad was asked by the wealthy widow Khadija to sell her merchandise in Bostra. She doubled her money, and Muhammad was well paid. Although she was 40, Khadija proposed marriage to the 25-year-old Muhammad; he accepted and gave her a dowry of twenty camels. She was the mother of all his children except Ibrahim. Their sons died in infancy, but their four daughters would become Muslims. On his wedding day Muhammad freed his slave Baraka so that she could marry a man of Yathrib, and Khadija gave Muhammad her 15-year-old slave boy Zayd. When Zayd's father and uncle came to ransom him, Muhammad offered the youth his free choice. Zayd decided to live with Muhammad, who adopted him as his son and made him his heir. During a famine Muhammad adopted Abu Talib's son 'Ali when he was about five. When Muhammad was about 35, he was asked to mediate a dispute over which tribe should lift the sacred black meteorite when the Ka'ba temple was being rebuilt. The trusted sage suggested that each clan take hold of a garment and lift it together. |
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| Every year Muhammad would pray in seclusion during the month of Ramadan. When he was forty in 610, he began to have visions during his spiritual retreat. While he was in a cave, a voice told Muhammad three times to recite. His first revelation spoke of the most beneficent Lord, who created humans and taught them what they did not know. As he was walking down the mountain, the voice identifying itself as Gabriel told Muhammad he was the messenger of God. He first told his wife Khadija, and she spoke to her cousin Waraqa, who confirmed his prophetic experience. Waraqa added that Muhammad would be called a liar, be ill-treated, banished, and made an enemy in war. According to tradition Khadija concluded Muhammad's vision must be an angel and not a Satan when she exposed herself to her husband, and Muhammad said he departed. Muhammad became distressed when he did not have any more revelations for a while; but then he was told that the Lord would give to him and reminded him that as an orphan he was given refuge; when he went astray, he was guided; when he was poor, he was made rich. Thus the message was revealed that the orphan should not be oppressed nor the beggar repelled. He should teach about the kindness of God. |
Muhammad was ordered to pray, and he established the manner of praying and the times for daily prayer. God may be magnified by proclaiming, "God is the greatest," and the final greeting was "Peace be on you." Each revelation begins by affirming that God is gracious and loving. After his wife, the first to accept Islam were his adopted sons 'Ali and Zayd. Islam is the name of the religion of the Muslims, which means those who submit to God. Then the respected merchant Abu Bakr became a Muslim and began telling his trusted friends about Muhammad's teachings. Khalid, the son of a powerful Shamsite, consulted Abu Bakr about a dream with Muhammad and secretly joined. Khalid later was beaten and imprisoned without food by his father, who disowned him when he escaped. Muhammad now had many revelations, and he would share them with those present. Abu Bakr converted many people, and Muhammad was told to warn his family. About forty people of the Hashim clan were invited to a banquet; but his one suspicious uncle, Abu Lahab, dispersed them with fears of a spell. Another banquet was held the next day, and Muhammad told them what God commanded him, asking who would help him. When no one else spoke, the 13-year-old 'Ali said that he would be his helper. So Muhammad proclaimed 'Ali his successor. |
COntinues in the next post .........yeezevee
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1. Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah tr. A. Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad, p. 183.
2. Ibid., p. 261.
3. Ibid., p. 369.
4. Ibid., p. 458.
5. Ibid., p. 629.
6. Quoted in Islam from the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople, Vol. 1 tr. Bernard Lewis, p. 151.
7. The Qur'an tr. N. J. Dawood, p. 121-122.
8. Payne, Robert, The History of Islam, p. 140.
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